-
1 semaphore
1. noun(system) Winken, das2. intransitive verb* * *['seməfo:](a system of signalling with flags held in each hand: He signalled the message to them in semaphore.) das Flaggenwinken* * *sema·phore[ˈseməfɔ:ʳ, AM -fɔ:r]I. nII. vt▪ to \semaphore sth [to sb] [jdm] etw signalisieren* * *['seməfɔː(r)]1. n2) (= system) Signalsprache f, Winken nt2. vtidurch Winkzeichen signalisieren* * *A s1. TECH Semaphor n:b) optischer Telegraf2. MIL (Flaggen)Winken n:semaphore message Winkspruch mB v/t & v/i signalisieren* * *1. noun(system) Winken, das2. intransitive verb* * *n.Zeichenträger m. -
2 Baudot, Jean-Maurice-Emile
[br]b. 11 September 1845 Magneux, Franced. 28 March 1903 Sceaux, France[br]French engineer who developed the multiplexed telegraph and devised a 5-bit code for data communication and control.[br]Baudot had no formal education beyond his local primary school and began his working life as a farmer, as was his father. However, in September 1869 he joined the French telegraph service and was soon sent on a course on the recently developed Hughes printing telegraph. After service in the Franco-Prussian war as a lieutenant with the military telegraph, he returned to his civilian duties in Paris in 1872. He was there encouraged to develop (in his own time!) a multiple Hughes system for time-multiplexing of several telegraph messages. By using synchronized clockwork-driven rotating switches at the transmitter and receiver he was able to transmit five messages simultaneously; the system was officially adopted by the French Post \& Telegraph Administration five years later. In 1874 he patented the idea of a 5-bit (i.e. 32-permutation) code, with equal on and off intervals, for telegraph transmission of the Roman alphabet and punctuation signs and for control of the typewriter-like teleprinter used to display the message. This code, known as the Baudot code, was found to be more economical than the existing Morse code and was widely adopted for national and international telegraphy in the twentieth century. In the 1970s it was superseded by 7—and 8-bit codes.Further development of his ideas on multiplexing led in 1894 to methods suitable for high-speed telegraphy. To commemorate his contribution to efficient telegraphy, the unit of signalling speed (i.e. the number of elements transmitted per second) is known as the baud.[br]Bibliography17 June 1874, "Système de télégraphie rapide" (Baudot's first patent).Further Reading1965, From Semaphore to Satellite, Geneva: International Telecommunications Union.P.Lajarrige, 1982, "Chroniques téléphoniques et télégraphiques", Collection historique des télécommunications.KFBiographical history of technology > Baudot, Jean-Maurice-Emile
См. также в других словарях:
SEMAPHORE — a name applied to the mechanism employed for telegraphing purposes prior to the discovery of the electric telegraph; invented in 1767 by Richard Edgeworth, but first extensively used by the French in 1794, and afterwards adopted by the… … The Nuttall Encyclopaedia
Telecommunication — A parabolic satellite communication antenna at the biggest facility for satellite communication in Raisting, Bavaria, Germany … Wikipedia
Traffic Control — ➡ law enforcement * * * Introduction supervision of the movement of people, goods, or vehicles to ensure efficiency and safety. Traffic is the movement of people and goods from one location to another. The movement typically occurs… … Universalium
telegraph — telegrapher /teuh leg reuh feuhr/; esp. Brit., telegraphist, n. /tel i graf , grahf /, n. 1. an apparatus, system, or process for transmitting messages or signals to a distant place, esp. by means of an electric device consisting essentially of a … Universalium
Morse code — Chart of the Morse code letters and numerals Morse code is a method of transmitting textual information as a series of on off tones, lights, or clicks that can … Wikipedia
San Jose, California — This article is about the city in California. For other meanings of San Jose , see San José. San Jose City El Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe … Wikipedia
Telegraphy — (from the Greek words (τηλε) = far and (γραφειν) = write) is the long distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters. Radiotelegraphy or wireless telegraphy transmits messages using radio. Telegraphy includes… … Wikipedia
Signal Corps in the American Civil War — U.S. Army Signal Corps station on Elk Mountain, Maryland, overlooking the Antietam battlefield. The Signal Corps in the American Civil War comprised two organizations: the U.S. Army Signal Corps, which began with the appointment of Major Albert J … Wikipedia
North American railway signaling — For the actual physical signals, see North American railroad signals. Standards for North American railway signaling in the United States are issued by the Association of American Railroads (AAR), which is a trade association of the railroads of… … Wikipedia
Electrical telegraph — A printing electrical telegraph receiver, and a transmitter key at bottom right An electrical telegraph is a telegraph that uses electrical signals, usually conveyed via telecommunication lines or radio. The electromagnetic telegraph is a device… … Wikipedia
The Crying of Lot 49 — 1966 U.S. first edition … Wikipedia
